انتخاب صفات مؤثر بر عملکرد قند به‌عنوان شاخص‌های انتخاب در ارقام مختلف داخلی و خارجی چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران.

2 گروه تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

10.30495/iper.2021.686564

چکیده

به منظور شناسایی صفات مؤثر بر عملکرد قند و تعیین روابط علت و معلولی بین آن­ها، تعداد 13 رقم مونوژرم مختلف داخلی و خارجی چغندرقند در سال زراعی 1397 در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به لحاظ 11 صفت مهم کمّی و کیفی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب طی سه تاریخ برداشت مختلف (15 مهر، 30 مهر و 15 آبان) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اختلاف بین ارقام مورد بررسی از نظر کلیه صفات مورد ارزیابی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار بود. ضرایب تنوع فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی برای اکثر صفات بالا بود که بیانگر وجود تنوع نسبتاً بالا در ارقام مورد مطالعه برای صفات ارزیابی شده می­باشد. ضرایب همبستگی ژنتیکی بین صفات نشان داد که بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار به ترتیب در بین صفت عملکرد قند با صفات عملکرد قند خالص (**88/0)، درصد قند ناخالص (**71/0) و خالص (**65/0) و با صفات میزان قند ملاس (**62/0-)، ضریب قلیاییت (**58/0-) و میزان پتاسیم ریشه (**52/0-) همبستگی منفی و معنی­داری وجود دارد. در تجزیه رگرسیون چندگانه به روش گام به گام، صفات درصد قند خالص، درصد قند ناخالص، میزان نیتروژن مضره و عملکرد ریشه به ترتیب وارد مدل رگرسیونی شدند که 84 درصد از کل تغییرات عملکرد قند را توجیه کردند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه علیّت، صفات درصد قند ناخالص (12/1) و عملکرد ریشه (03/1) به‌ترتیب بیشترین اثر مستقیم را با عملکرد قند داشتند، بنابراین گزینش بر اساس صفات مذکور می­تواند ما را در دستیابی به ژنوتیپ­های با عملکرد قند بالا یاری دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Selection of traits affecting sugar yield as selection criteion in various domestic and foreign sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhang Movloudi 1
  • Esmail Nabizadeh 1
  • heydar azizi 2
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch, Mahabad, Iran
2 Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to identify traits affecting sugar yield and determine cause and effect relationships between them, 13 different domestic and foreign sugar beet monogerm cultivars were evaluated at three different harvest time (7 October, 22 October, and 6 November) in a RCB design with four replications in terms of 11 important quantitative and qualitative traits in 2018 crop season in Miandoab Agricultural Research Station. The ANOVA results showed that the difference between studied cultivars was significant for all evaluated traits at 0.01 probability level. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were high for most traits, indicating relatively high variability in the studied cultivars for evaluated traits. Genetic correlation coefficients between traits showed that the highest positive and significant correlations were observed between sugar yield trait on the one hand and white sugar yield (0.88**), impure sugar content (0.71**) and white sugar content (0.65**) traits in that order, and the highest negative and significant correlation was found between sugar yield trait on the one hand and molasses sugar (-0.62**), alkalinity coefficient (-0.58**), and root potassium (-0.52**) traits, in that order. In multiple regression analysis by stepwise method, sugar content, white sugar content, α-amino nitrogen, and root yield traits were entered into the regression model, respectively, that explained %84 of the total sugar yield variations. Based on path analysis results, sugar content (1.12) and root yield (1.03) traits had the highest positive direct effect on sugar yield and thus, selection based on these traits can help us to achieve high-yielding genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cause and effect relationships
  • final yield
  • genetic correlation
  • Sugar beet

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فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی
دوره 16، شماره 63
آبان 1400
صفحه 116-128

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