ارزیابی صفات بیوشیمیای و فیزیولوژیک لاین‌های S6 ذرت (Zea mays L.) در شرایط نرمال و کمبود آب و بررسی روابط خویشاوندی آن‌ها با تجزیه خوشه‌ای

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار اصلاح نباتات، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش گشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه.، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی واکنش 15 لاین S6 ذرت به تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته کرمان اجرا گردید. در این مطالعه فاکتور اصلی تنش در دو سطح (نرمال با دور آبیاری 5 روز و تنش کم آبیاری با دور آبیاری 10 روز) و فاکتور فرعی لاین ذرت در 15 سطح بود. نتایج نشان داد که بین سطوح تنش و لاین‌ها از نظر تمام صفات مورد بررسی (کلروفیلa، کلروفیلb، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئیدها، قندهای احیاءکننده، محتوای پروتئین و پرولین) اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. مقایسه میانگین لاین‌ها نشان داد که لاین 9، 3 و 5 بیشترین مقدار پرولین را در شرایط تنش خشکی دارا بودند. کمترین ضریب تغییرات فنوتیپی مربوط به صفت محتوای پروتئین کل و بیشترین آن مربوط به پرولین بود و بقیه صفات در این بین قرار داشتند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای لاین‌های مورد مطالعه را در شرایط نرمال، تنش خشکی و میانگین هر دو شرایط به ترتیب در چهار، پنج و شش گروه قرار داد و درصد شباهت گروه‌بندی آن‌ها با یکدیگر بالا بود. براساس نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای و مقایسات میانگین، لاین‌هایی که فاصله ژنتیکی زیادی با هم داشتند در یک گروه قرار گرفتند. به این ترتیب سه گروه که هر کدام پنج لاین داشتند، حاصل شد تا در برنامه‌ریزی پروژه‌های اصلاحی و برنامه‌های دورگه‌گیری مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. همچنین لاین 9 میانگین بالایی برای اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه در هر دو شرایط نشان داد و می‌تواند به‌عنوان لاین امیدبخش در آزمایشات بعدی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of biochemical and physiological traits of corn S6 lines under normal and water deficiency conditions and examining their kinship relationships by cluster analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Sadeghi 1
  • Mehdi Rahimi 2
1 Horticulture Crops Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the response of 15 maize S6 lines to drought stress, a split plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2015 year at the research field of Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran. In this study, the main factor was stress at two levels (normal with five days irrigation and low irrigation with ten days irrigation) and the sub-factor was maize line at 15 levels. The results showed that there were significant differences between stress levels and lines for all studied traits (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugars, protein and proline content). Mean comparison of lines showed that lines 9, 3 and 5 had the highest proline content under drought stress conditions. The lowest phenotypic coefficient of variation was for total protein (2.59) and the highest for proline (74.17). Cluster analysis divided the studied lines into four, five and six groups in normal, drought and mean conditions, respectively, and the similarity of their grouping was high. Based on the results of cluster analysis and mean comparisons, lines with high genetic distance were grouped together. Thus, three groups, each with five lines, were found to be used in the planning of breeding projects and cross-breeding programs. Line 9 also showed a high mean for most of the studied traits in both conditions and it can be considered as a promising line in future experiments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Drought stress
  • Maize
  • Proline
  • Soluble sugars

مراجع

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فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی
دوره 15، شماره 58
تابستان 1399
صفحه 38-47

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