گروه زراعت-واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهر ری- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی- تهران-ایران
چکیده
خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل نامساعد محیطی است که تولید محصولات زراعی را محدود میکند. اکسید نیتریک به‌عنوان یک مولکول پیامرسان در واکنش گیاه به تنشهای محیطی مشارکت دارد. لذا به‌منظور بررسی اثرات این ماده در تحمل به تنش خشکی ماش رقم پرتو آزمایشی مزرعهای در سال 1394 در جنوب تهران اجرا شد. این تحقیق به صورت طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 9 تیمار و 4 تکرار انجام گرفت. در این آزمایش از محلول سدیم نیتروپروساید به عنوان ماده رها کننده اکسید نیتریک استفاده شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد، تنش خشکی، تیمار بذر، محلولپاشی در مرحله رویشی، محلولپاشی در مرحله زایشی، تیمار بذر + محلولپاشی در مرحله رویشی، تیمار بذر + محلولپاشی در مرحله زایشی، محلولپاشی در مراحل رویشی و زایشی و تیمار بذر + محلولپاشی در مراحل رویشی و زایشی بود. نتایج نشان داد که در اثر تنش خشکی بر فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدان سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز و اسکوربات پراکسیداز و همچنین غلظت مالون دی آلدئید و پرولین اضافه شد، اما محتوی نسبی آب، شاخص سبزینگی، شاخص سطح برگ و عملکرد دانه کاهش یافت. با این وجود، کاربرد سدیم نیتروپروساید از طریق افزایش بیشتر فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدان و تجمع پرولین، موجب کاهش مالون دی آلدئید و بهبود محتوی نسبی آب، شاخص سبزینگی، شاخص سطح برگ و در نهایت عملکرد دانه تحت تنش خشکی شد. بین تیمارهای کاربرد سدیم نیتروپروساید، تیمار ترکیبی تیمار بذر + محلولپاشی در مراحل رویشی و زایشی موثرتر بود، اگرچه با چند تیمار دیگر از جمله محلولپاشی در مرحله زایشی تفاوت معنیداری نداشت. با توجه به این یافتهها، کاربرد اکسید نیتریک میتواند به عنوان روشی مفید جهت بهبود تحمل به تنش خشکی ماش توصیه شود.
Investigation the role of nitric oxide on drought tolerance of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)
نویسندگان [English]
Omid Sadeghipour
Department of Agronomy, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Drought is one of the most important adverse environmental factors that limits crop production. Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule contributes in plant response to environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to investigate the effects of NO on drought tolerance of mung bean (cv. Partow), a field experiment was done in the south of Tehran in 2015. The study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 4 replications. In this experiment, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution was used as NO donor. Treatments included control, drought stress, seed treatment, foliar application at the vegetative stage, foliar application at the reproductive stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the reproductive stage, foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages, and seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages. Results showed that due to the drought stress, antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline concentrations were increased but the relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll value, leaf area index (LAI), and seed yield decreased. However, application of SNP by further increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation, reduced the MDA content while improving the RWC, chlorophyll value, LAI, and eventually the seed yield under drought stress. Among SNP application treatments, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages was the most effective, although it was not significantly difference from the other treatments including SNP foliar application at the reproductive stage. According to the findings of the study, application of NO may be recommended as a useful tool for improving drought tolerance of mung bean.
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